What is the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis?

Bovine tuberculosis is primarily caused by Mycobacterium bovis, which is a species of bacteria closely related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of human tuberculosis. Mycobacterium bovis primarily affects cattle but can also be transmitted to other mammals, including humans, which can result in zoonotic infections. This organism is known for its ability to survive in the environment, making it a significant concern for livestock health and public health.

Understanding that Mycobacterium bovis specifically targets cattle helps in designing effective control and prevention strategies for bovine tuberculosis in livestock populations, ultimately safeguarding the health of both animals and humans. Other options provided, such as Bacillus bovis and Escherichia coli, do not relate to this disease and do not pose the same health risks associated with tuberculosis.