What is the primary concern when dealing with highly pathogenic avian influenza?

The primary concern when dealing with highly pathogenic avian influenza is the high mortality in poultry. This strain of the virus can lead to devastating losses within poultry populations, causing morbidity and mortality rates that can exceed 90% in infected flocks. The implications of such outbreaks extend beyond the immediate health of the birds; they can result in significant economic losses for farmers and the poultry industry as a whole. This high mortality also raises concerns about food security, as poultry is a critical source of protein for many populations globally.

Furthermore, while zoonotic potential is a concern with avian influenza, the primary focus is on the direct impact on poultry health and production. The other options presented do not reflect the severity of the situation: there is significant economic impact associated with outbreaks, transmission rates of highly pathogenic strains can vary, and the zoonotic potential, while noteworthy, does not overshadow the immediate threat posed to poultry populations. Thus, understanding the high mortality rates in birds is crucial for managing and preventing the spread of this virus effectively.